Home Remedies and Treatments for Yeast Infections

Yeast infections, caused by the overgrowth of the Candida fungus, are common, particularly in women, but they can also affect men and babies under certain circumstances. The most common type is vaginal yeast infections, though oral infections (thrush) and yeast infections in skin folds are also prevalent. Symptoms typically include itching, burning, discomfort, and a thick, clumpy discharge in women.

While yeast infections can be uncomfortable, they are treatable with antifungal medications, both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC), and various home remedies can alleviate symptoms and support recovery.

What Causes a Yeast Infection?

Yeast infections occur when the body's balance of bacteria and yeast is disrupted. Common causes include:

  • Use of antibiotics: Antibiotics can kill off beneficial bacteria, allowing yeast to grow unchecked.
  • Weakened immune system: Conditions like diabetes or a weakened immune system can increase the risk of yeast infections.
  • High sugar intake: Excess sugar can feed yeast and lead to overgrowth.
  • Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, birth control pills, and hormone fluctuations can increase susceptibility to yeast infections.
Common Symptoms of a Yeast Infection
  • Intense itching and burning in the affected area (vagina, mouth, or skin folds)
  • Thick, white, clumpy discharge (vaginal yeast infection)
  • Pain or discomfort during urination or sexual intercourse
  • Redness, swelling, or irritation around the affected area
  • White patches in the mouth or on the tongue (oral thrush)
Medical Insight: When to See a Doctor

While most yeast infections can be treated at home, it’s important to consult a doctor if:

  • Symptoms are severe or persist for more than a week.
  • Over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective.
  • This is your first yeast infection, or you’re unsure if it’s a yeast infection (as it could be bacterial vaginosis or another condition).
  • You experience recurrent yeast infections (four or more in a year).

Lifestyle Changes and Prevention

To prevent yeast infections or reduce the risk of recurrence, consider the following tips:

  • Avoid douching: Douching can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina.
  • Wear breathable fabrics: Choose cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothing to reduce moisture.
  • Limit sugar intake: High sugar levels can promote yeast growth.
  • Practice good hygiene: Wash the genital area regularly with mild soap and water, and wipe from front to back after using the toilet.
  • Change out of wet clothes: Yeast thrives in warm, moist environments, so change out of wet swimwear or workout clothes as soon as possible.

Home Remedies for Yeast Infections

Yeast infections are common and uncomfortable, but they can be effectively treated with OTC antifungal products, home remedies, and lifestyle changes. Natural remedies like yogurt, coconut oil, and tea tree oil can help alleviate symptoms, while OTC treatments such as miconazole and fluconazole provide quick relief. If your symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor to rule out other conditions like bacterial vaginosis or more severe infections.

If your symptoms are mild, several home remedies can provide relief. These remedies can be used alongside OTC antifungal treatments for added effectiveness.

Yogurt

Yogurt is one of the most effective natural remedies for yeast infections. The live bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus) in plain, unsweetened yogurt can help restore the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the body.

  • Use: Apply plain yogurt externally to the affected area or consume it to promote overall gut health. For vaginal yeast infections, some women soak a tampon in yogurt and insert it for up to an hour, repeating 2-3 times a day.

Probiotics

Probiotic supplements can help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the body, which may prevent or treat yeast infections. Probiotics like Lactobacillus can help restore the natural flora of the vagina, mouth, or gut.

  • Use: Take probiotics in capsule form or consume probiotic-rich foods like yogurt, kefir, or sauerkraut.

Coconut Oil

Coconut oil has antifungal properties that can help reduce yeast overgrowth. Its medium-chain fatty acids can kill Candida and soothe irritated skin.

  • Use: Apply extra-virgin coconut oil to the affected area 2-3 times a day.

Garlic

Garlic is known for its potent antifungal properties due to the compound allicin, which can help inhibit the growth of Candida.

  • Use: Add raw garlic to your diet or take garlic supplements. Avoid inserting raw garlic into the vagina, as it can irritate.

Apple Cider Vinegar

Apple cider vinegar contains antifungal properties that may help balance the body’s pH and inhibit yeast overgrowth.

  • Use: Add 1-2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar to a glass of water and drink it daily. You can also dilute apple cider vinegar in water and use it as a gentle wash for the affected area.

Tea Tree Oil

Tea tree oil has strong antifungal and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular home remedy for yeast infections. However, it must be diluted before use, as it can irritate.

  • Use: Mix a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil (such as coconut oil) and apply it to the affected area. For vaginal yeast infections, some women use tea tree oil suppositories available in stores.

Boric Acid Suppositories

Boric acid is a powerful antifungal that can treat stubborn or recurrent yeast infections. Studies have shown it to be effective against azole-resistant strains of Candida.

  • Use: Boric acid suppositories are available OTC and should be used according to the package instructions. Do not ingest boric acid, and avoid use if you are pregnant.

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatments for Yeast Infections

Several OTC antifungal treatments are available for yeast infections, and they are often the first line of treatment for vaginal yeast infections.

Antifungal Creams and Suppositories

OTC antifungal products are available in creams, suppositories, and ointments. Common options include:

  • Clotrimazole (Lotrimin, Mycelex)
  • Miconazole (Monistat)
  • Tioconazole (Vagistat)

These medications are inserted into the vagina or applied externally to relieve symptoms. Most treatments range from one-day to seven-day regimens.

Oral Antifungal Medication

In cases where topical treatments aren’t effective or the infection is severe, doctors may prescribe fluconazole (Diflucan), an oral antifungal medication. While typically available by prescription, single-dose fluconazole is also available OTC in some locations.

External Creams for Itching

Topical antifungal creams, like miconazole or clotrimazole, can soothe external itching and discomfort while the infection is treated.